Urdu, also known as Hindustani, is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan, where it is also an official language alongside English. In India, Urdu is an Eighth Schedule language whose status and cultural heritage is recognised by the Constitution of India; and the Deoband school played a key role in establishing Urdu as the language of Indian Muslims, and it also has an official status in several Indian states. In Nepal, Urdu is a registered regional dialect and in South Africa it is a protected language in the constitution.
History of Urdu: Urdu is a relatively young language, with its origins in the 12th century. It developed from a mixture of Hindustani, Persian, and Arabic, and was originally spoken by the Muslim elite of India. Urdu became more widely spoken in the 18th and 19th centuries, as it was used by the British colonial administration.
Urdu today: Today, Urdu is spoken by over 100 million people worldwide, making it the 11th most spoken language in the world. It is the national language of Pakistan, and one of the official languages of India. Urdu is also spoken in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and the United Kingdom.
Grammar and vocabulary: Urdu grammar is similar to Hindi grammar, with a subject-object-verb sentence structure. Urdu vocabulary is derived from a variety of sources, including Hindustani, Persian, Arabic, and Sanskrit. Urdu is written in the Nastaliq script, which is a modified version of the Arabic script.
Literature and culture: Urdu has a rich literary tradition, dating back to the 16th century. Urdu literature is known for its poetry, prose, and drama. Urdu is also an important language for music and film.
Urdu in the modern world: Urdu is a dynamic and evolving language, with a strong presence in the media, education, and government. It is a language of opportunity and progress, and it is sure to continue to play an important role in the lives of millions of people around the world.
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